How to recognise abuse

PARENTS need to be more observant when it comes to their children. "Trust your suspicions if there are signs," says Dr Christine Scolari

Signs parent need to be aware of:

Signs of emotional abuse;

They are very eager to please others;

Changes in behaviour;

May see abuse as warranted and as their fault;

Can be closed off and unwilling to discuss difficulties;

Aggressive, depressed, apathetic and passive behaviour;

Runs away from home; attempts and thinks of suicide;

Chronically low self-esteem;

Difficulty sustaining relationships;

Has difficulty expressing or communicating needs;

Disturbed sleep, nightmares; and

Can be hyperactive and live in a dream world

Children need to know there are adults who will listen to them, believe them and shelter them.

Children need a sense of routine and normalcy. Violence in the home can turn a child's world upside down. Routines such as going to school and participating in recreational activities are vital for children's development and well-being and should be maintained.